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1. Basis of preparation

Reporting entity


Activities

Coöperatief Deloitte U.A. (“the Company”) is a cooperative which has its registered office and its principal place of business in Rotterdam, Wilhelminakade 1, The Netherlands and is registered with the Chamber of Commerce with number 63086174. Coöperatief Deloitte U.A. is the direct parent of Deloitte Holding B.V. and its subsidiaries. The ultimate controlling party of the Company is Deloitte NSE LLP, a limited liability partnership registered in England and Wales. The activities of Coöperatief Deloitte U.A. and the companies in its group (“The Group”) consist mainly of Audit & Assurance, Tax & Legal, Risk Advisory, Financial Advisory and Consulting, as well as other forms of professional services. These activities are conducted by and for the account of the respective Group companies of Coöperatief Deloitte U.A. and Deloitte Holding B.V. which acts as holding companies and do not themself conduct any activities in the field of professional services as referred to in the previous sentence.

International relationships

On June 1, 2017 Coöperatief Deloitte U.A. became a member of Deloitte North West Europe, Deloitte NWE LLP, a member firm of Deloitte Touche Tohmatsu Limited (DTTL) with six Geographies: Belgium, Ireland (joined June 1, 2018), the Netherlands, the Nordics (Denmark, Finland, Iceland, Norway and Sweden), Switzerland, and the United Kingdom. On June 1, 2019 Greece, Italy and Malta joined Deloitte North West Europe with the name changed to Deloitte North and South Europe, Deloitte NSE LLP. On June 1, 2020, Deloitte Middle East (DME) has officially become part of Deloitte NSE. Deloitte NSE LLP is a member of Coöperatief Deloitte U.A. As of December 15, 2020 Deloitte NSE No2 CLG became a member of Coöperatief Deloittte U.A. and holds 2/3 of the votes in the general meeting of Coöperatief Deloitte U.A. Deloitte NSE No2 CLG is a subsidiary of Deloitte NSE LLP. Deloitte NSE LLP is a member firm of Deloitte Touche Tohmatsu Limited (DTTL), a UK private company limited by guarantee. Each member firm provides services in a particular geographic area and is subject to the laws and professional regulations of the particular country or countries in which it operates. DTTL does not itself provide services to clients. DTTL and each DTTL member firm are separate and distinct legal entities, which cannot obligate each other. DTTL and each DTTL member firm are liable only for their own acts or omissions and not those of each other. Each DTTL member firm is structured differently in accordance with national laws, regulations, customary practice, and other factors, and may secure the provision of professional services in its territory through subsidiaries, affiliates, and/or other entities.

Group relationships 

Coöperatief Deloitte U.A. is the direct parent of Deloitte Holding B.V. and its subsidiaries. In these consolidated financial statement Deloitte refers to Coöperatief Deloitte U.A. and its subsidiaries. For a list of subsidiaries required by article 2:379 of the Dutch Civil Code reference is made to the notes to the company balance sheet.

Statement of compliance

The consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards as endorsed by the EU and the requirements of Title 9, Book 2 of the Dutch Civil Code.

Functional and presentation currency

The financial statements are presented in euros (€) which is the functional and presentation currency of the Group. All amounts in the financial statements are presented in thousands of euros rounded to the nearest thousand, unless stated otherwise.

Basis of measurement

The consolidated financial statements have been prepared on the historical cost basis except for certain financial instruments that are measured at fair values at the end of each reporting period, as explained in the accounting policies below. Historical cost is generally based on the fair value of the consideration given in exchange of services.

Fair value is the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date, regardless of whether that price is directly observable or estimated using another valuation technique. In estimating the fair value of an asset or a liability, the Group takes into account the characteristics of the asset or liability if market participants would take those characteristics into account when pricing the asset or liability at the measurement date. Fair value for measurement and/ or disclosure purposes in these consolidated financial statements is determined on such a basis. Unless stated otherwise for financial instruments not carried at fair value the carrying amount is a reasonable approximate of the fair value.

In addition, for financial reporting purposes, fair value measurements are categorised into Level 1, 2 or 3 based on the degree to which the inputs to the fair value measurements are observable and the significance of the inputs to the fair value measurements in its entirety, which are described as follows:

  • Level 1 inputs are quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets for identical assets or liabilities that the entity can access at the measurement date;

  • Level 2 inputs are inputs, other than quoted prices included within Level 1, that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly or indirectly; and

  • Level 3 inputs are unobservable inputs for the asset or liability.

Changes in accounting policies for 2022/2023

In the current year, the Group has applied amendments to IFRS Standards and Interpretations issued by the Board that are effective for the annual period under review. Their adoption has not had any material impact on the disclosures or on the amounts reported in these financial statements.

Going concern

The Executive Board has assessed the going concern assumption as part the preparation of the financial statements based on the available financial information including budget and forecast information. The assessment included both solvency, cashflow and performance metrics.

Capital base

Acquiring control in May 2016 and the subsequent legal merger of Stichting InterNos had a negative impact of approximately €53 million on equity of Coöperatief Deloitte U.A.. As of financial year 2016/2017, the members have agreed to retain an amount of Coöperatief Deloitte U.A.’s earnings annually until such time that the equity reduction caused by the restructuring is recovered. The retention amount is €1,043 until May 31, 2026.  

Including subordinated loans and membership capital, the positive capital base of the Group amounts to €131,140 (May 31, 2022 €125,117). The subordinated loans are directly linked to the number of partners and will continue for the duration of their partnership. As a consequence of the generally stable number of equity partners, the company does not expect a situation of a noteworthy net repayment of such loans in the coming years. The restructuring is a non-cash event and did not impact the liquidity of the Group. Deloitte Holding B.V. continues to have positive equity as a basis to distribute its earnings to Coöperatief Deloitte U.A. on an annual basis.

Cash flow and performance

The performance of the Group remained strong. Intelligent risk management supported by mature incident response capabilities created opportunities and enabled us to respond in case of unforeseen events such as the Covid-19 pandemic and the Russia Ukraine War, and is key to sustaining performance.

Based on our strategy, we offer diverse business and service offerings combined with integrated solutions for our clients across businesses. Furthermore, no events or conditions, including the potential adverse effects of the Russia-Ukraine War are expected to raise doubt about the ability of the Group to continue in operation throughout the next reporting period.  

The cash generating ability of the Group based on past performance and future planned performance, continues to show sufficient cash generation capability and is expected to form a solid basis for distributing funds from Deloitte Holding B.V. to Coöperatief Deloitte U.A., and from Coöperatief Deloitte U.A. to its members. In financial years 2022/2023 and 2021/2022, Coöperatief Deloitte U.A. generated €201 million and €239 million respectively in net cash from operating activities before management fee / compensation, with approximately between €17 million (2022/2023) and €13 million (2021/2022) in annual investments.  

Furthermore, we consider that the combination of our focus on working capital management, available credit facilities, and the ability to manage upfront partner management fee distributions, equips us to meet our obligations and continue as a going concern. As at the year end date, the available credit facilities (€100M, excluding the additional accordion option in the agreement) is not used. We operate, and expect to operate within the limits of our covenants.

Conclusion 

The Executive Board is confident about the future outlook for the Deloitte Netherlands Group. The financial statements are prepared applying the going concern assumption. Our financial statements state those material risks and uncertainties that are relevant to the expectation of the Group's continuity for the period of twelve months after the approval of this report by the Executive Board.

Basis of consolidation

The consolidated financial statements incorporate the financial statements of the Company and entities controlled by the Company and its subsidiaries. Control is achieved when the Company:

  • Has power over the investee;

  • Is exposed, or has rights, to variable returns from its involvement with the investee; and

  • Has the ability to use its power to affect its returns.

The Company reassesses whether or not it controls an investee if facts and circumstances indicate that there are changes to one or more of the three elements of control listed above. When the Company has less than a majority of the voting rights of an investee, it has power over the investee when the voting rights are sufficient to give it the practical ability to direct the relevant activities of the investee unilaterally. The Company considers all relevant facts and circumstances in assessing whether or not the Company’s voting rights in an investee are sufficient to give it power, including:

  • The size of the Company’s holding of voting rights relative to the size and dispersion of holdings of the other vote holders;

  • Potential voting rights held by the Company, other vote holders or other parties;

  • Rights arising from other contractual arrangements; and

  • Any additional facts and circumstances that indicate that the Company has, or does not have, the current ability to direct the relevant activities at the time that decisions need to be made, including voting patterns at previous shareholders’ meetings.

Consolidation of a subsidiary starts when the Company obtains control over the subsidiary and ceases when the Company loses control of the subsidiary. Specifically, income and expenses of a subsidiary acquired or disposed of during the year are included in the consolidated statement of profit or loss and other comprehensive income from the date the Company gains control until the date when the Company ceases to control the subsidiary. Profit or loss and each component of other comprehensive income are attributed to the owners of the Company and to the non-controlling interests. Total comprehensive income of subsidiaries is attributed to the owners of the Company and to the non-controlling interests even if this results in the noncontrolling interests having a deficit balance. When necessary, adjustments are made to the financial statements of subsidiaries to bring their accounting policies into line with the Group’s accounting policies. All intragroup assets and liabilities, equity, income, expenses and cash flows relating to transactions between members of the Group are eliminated in full on consolidation. The company financial statements of Coöperatief Deloitte U.A. are included in the financial statements. Accordingly, in accordance with article 2:402 of the Dutch Civil Code, the company financial statements only contain an abridged profit and loss account.

Changes in the Group’s ownership interests in existing subsidiaries

Changes in the Group’s ownership interests in subsidiaries that do not result in the Group losing control over the subsidiaries are accounted for as equity transactions. The carrying amounts of the Group’s interests and the non-controlling interests are adjusted to reflect the changes in their relative interests in the subsidiaries. Any difference between the amount by which the non-controlling interests are adjusted and the fair value of the consideration paid or received is recognised directly in equity and attributed to owners of the Company. When the Group loses control of a subsidiary, a gain or loss is recognised in profit or loss and is calculated as the difference between (i) the aggregate of the fair value of the consideration received and the fair value of any retained interest and (ii) the previous carrying amount of the assets (including goodwill), and liabilities of the subsidiary and any non-controlling interests. All amounts previously recognised in other comprehensive income in relation to that subsidiary are accounted for as if the Group had directly disposed of the related assets or liabilities of the subsidiary (i.e. reclassified to profit or loss or transferred to another category of equity as specified/ permitted by applicable IFRSs). The fair value of any investment retained in the former subsidiary at the date when control is lost is regarded as the fair value on initial recognition for subsequent accounting under IFRS9 Financial Instruments, when applicable, or the cost on initial recognition of an investment in an associate or a joint venture.

Foreign currencies

The functional currency of all entities within the Group is the Euro, except for Deloitte Dutch Caribbean B.V. In preparing the financial statements of each individual group entity, transactions in currencies other than the Group’s functional currency (foreign currencies) are recognised at the rates of exchange prevailing at the dates of the transactions. At the end of each reporting period, monetary items denominated in foreign currencies are retranslated at the rates prevailing at that date. Non-monetary items carried at fair value that are denominated in foreign currencies are retranslated at the rates prevailing at the date when the fair value was determined. Non- monetary items that are measured in terms of historical cost in a foreign currency are not retranslated. Exchange differences on monetary items are recognised in profit or loss in the period in which they arise.

The significant accounting policies are described in the relevant individual notes to the Consolidated financial statements or otherwise stated below.

Accounting policies, not attributable to a specific section

Financial instruments

Financial assets and financial liabilities are recognised when a group entity becomes a party to the contractual provisions of the instruments. Financial assets and financial liabilities are initially measured at fair value. Transaction costs that are directly attributable to the acquisition or issue of financial assets and financial liabilities (other than financial assets and financial liabilities at fair value through profit or loss) are added to or deducted from the fair value of the financial assets or financial liabilities, as appropriate, on initial recognition. Transaction costs directly attributable to the acquisition of financial assets or financial liabilities at fair value through profit or loss are recognised immediately in profit or loss.

Financial assets and financial liabilities are offset and the net amount is reported in the consolidated statement of financial position if there is a current enforceable legal right to offset the recognised amounts and there is an intention to settle on a net basis, or to realise the assets and settle the liabilities simultaneously.

Financial assets 

Financial assets are classified and subsequently measured at amortised cost, ‘at fair value through profit or loss’ (FVTPL) or ‘at fair value through other comprehensive income’ (FVOCI). The classification depends on the nature and purpose of the financial assets and is determined at the time of initial recognition. The classification of financial assets at initial recognition depends on the financial asset’s contractual cash flow characteristics and the Group’s business model for managing them. With the exception of trade receivables that do not contain a significant financing component or for which the Group has applied the practical expedient, the Group initially measures a financial asset at its fair value plus, in the case of a financial asset not at fair value through profit or loss, transaction costs. Trade receivables that do not contain a significant financing component or for which the Group has applied the practical expedient are measured at the transaction price determined under IFRS 15.

All regular purchases or sales of financial assets are recognised and derecognised on a trade date basis. Regular way purchases or sales are purchases or sales of financial assets that require delivery of assets within the time frame established by regulations or convention in the marketplace.

Subsequent measurement

For purposes of subsequent measurement, financial assets are classified in four categories:

  • Financial assets at amortised cost (debt instruments)

  • Financial assets at fair value through OCI with recycling of cumulative gains and losses (debt instruments)

  • Financial assets designated at fair value through OCI with no recycling of cumulative gains and losses upon derecognition (equity instruments)

  • Financial assets at fair value through profit or loss

Financial assets at amortised cost (debt instruments)

This category comprises the majority of the financial assets of the Group. The Group measures financial assets at amortised cost if both of the following conditions are met:

  • The financial asset is held within a business model with the objective to hold financial assets in order to collect contractual cash flows and selling

  • The contractual terms of the financial asset give rise on specified dates to cash flows that are solely payments of principal and interest on the principal amount outstanding

Financial assets at amortised cost are subsequently measured using the effective interest (EIR) method and are subject to impairment. Gains and losses are recognised in profit or loss when the asset is derecognised, modified or impaired. The Group’s financial assets at amortised cost includes trade receivables.

Financial assets at fair value through OCI (debt instruments)

The Group measures debt instruments at fair value through OCI if both of the following conditions are met:

  • The financial asset is held within a business model with the objective of both holding to collect contractual cash flows and selling

  • The contractual terms of the financial asset give rise on specified dates to cash flows that are solely payments of principal and interest on the principal amount outstanding

For debt instruments at fair value through OCI, interest income, foreign exchange revaluation and impairment losses or reversals are recognised in the statement of profit or loss and computed in the same manner as for financial assets measured at amortised cost. The remaining fair value changes are recognised in OCI. Upon derecognition, the cumulative fair value change recognised in OCI is recycled to profit or loss.

Financial assets designated at fair value through OCI (equity instruments)

Upon initial recognition, the Group can elect to classify irrevocably its equity investments as equity instruments designated at fair value through OCI when they meet the definition of equity under IAS 32 Financial Instruments: Presentation and are not held for trading. The classification is determined on an instrument-by instrument basis.

Gains and losses on these financial assets are never recycled to profit or loss. Dividends are recognised as other income in the statement of profit or loss when the right of payment has been established, except when the Group benefits from such proceeds as a recovery of part of the cost of the financial asset, in which case, such gains are recorded in OCI. Equity instruments designated at fair value through OCI are not subject to impairment assessment. The Group elected to classify irrevocably its non-listed equity investments under this category. 

Financial assets designated at fair value through OCI (equity instruments)

Financial assets at fair value through profit or loss include financial assets held for trading, financial assets designated upon initial recognition at fair value through profit or loss, or financial assets mandatorily required to be measured at fair value. Financial assets are classified as held for trading if they are acquired for the purpose of selling or repurchasing in the near term. Derivatives, including separated embedded derivatives, are also classified as held for trading unless they are designated as effective hedging instruments. Financial assets with cash flows that are not solely payments of principal and interest are classified and measured at fair value through profit or loss, irrespective of the business model. Notwithstanding the criteria for debt instruments to be classified at amortised cost or at fair value through OCI, as described above, debt instruments may be designated at fair value through profit or loss on initial recognition if doing so eliminates, or significantly reduces, an accounting mismatch.

Financial assets at fair value through profit or loss are carried in the statement of financial position at fair value with net changes in fair value recognised in the statement of profit or loss.

Effective interest method

Interest income is recognised by applying the effective interest rate, except for short-term receivables when the effect of discounting is immaterial. The effective interest method is a method of calculating the amortised cost of a debt instrument and of allocating interest income over the relevant period. The effective interest rate is the rate that exactly discounts estimated future cash receipts (including all fees and points paid or received that form an integral part of the effective interest rate, transaction costs and other premiums or discounts) through the expected life of the debt instrument, or, where appropriate, a shorter period, to the net carrying amount on initial recognition. 

Impairment of financial assets

An allowance is recognised for expected credit losses (ECLs) for all financial assets not held at fair value through profit or loss. ECLs are based on the difference between the contractual cash flows due in accordance with the contract and all the cash flows that are expected to be received, discounted at an approximation of the original effective interest rate. The expected cash flows will include cash flows from the sale of collateral held or other credit enhancements that are integral to the contractual terms. ECLs are recognised in two stages. For credit exposures for which there has not been a significant increase in credit risk since initial recognition, ECLs are provided for credit losses that result from default events that are possible within the next 12-months after the balance sheet date (a 12-month ECL). For those credit exposures for which there has been a significant increase in credit risk since initial recognition, a loss allowance is required for credit losses expected over the remaining life of the exposure, irrespective of the timing of the default (a lifetime ECL). A default situation occurs when a debtor fails to make full-payment within 30 days after the agreed due-date, unless the related receivable has been disputed. For trade receivables and contract assets, the Group applies a simplified approach in calculating ECLs. Therefore, the Group does not track changes in credit risk, but instead recognises a loss allowance based on lifetime ECLs at each reporting date. The Group has established a provision matrix that is based on its historical credit loss experience, adjusted for forward-looking factors specific to the debtors and the economic environment. Subsequent recoveries of amounts previously written off are credited against the allowance account. Changes in the carrying amount of the allowance account are recognised in profit or loss.

Derecognition of financial assets

The Group derecognises a financial asset when the contractual rights to the cash flows from the asset expire, or when it transfers the financial asset and substantially all the risks and rewards of ownership of the asset to another party. If the Group neither transfers nor retains substantially all the risks and rewards of ownership and continues to control the transferred asset, the Group recognises its retained interest in the asset and an associated liability for amounts it may have to pay. If the Group retains substantially all the risks and rewards of ownership of a transferred financial asset, the Group continues to recognise the financial asset and also recognises a collateralised borrowing for the proceeds received. On derecognition of a financial asset in its entirety, the difference between the asset’s carrying amount and the sum of the consideration received and receivable and the cumulative gain or loss that had been recognised in other comprehensive income and accumulated in equity is recognised in profit or loss.

Financial liabilities and equity instruments

Debt and equity instruments issued by a group entity are classified as either financial liabilities or as equity in accordance with the substance of the contractual arrangements and the definitions of a financial liability and an equity instrument.

Equity instruments

An equity instrument is any contract that evidences a residual interest in the assets of an entity after deducting all of its liabilities. Equity instruments issued by a group entity are recognised at the proceeds received, net of direct issue costs. Repurchase of the Company’s own equity instruments is recognised and deducted directly in equity. No gain or loss is recognised in profit or loss on the purchase, sale, issue or cancellation of the Company’s own equity instruments.

Financial liabilities

Financial liabilities are classified and subsequently measured as either financial liabilities ‘at FVTPL’ or ‘amortised cost’. All financial liabilities are recognised initially at fair value and, in the case of loans and borrowings and payables, net of directly attributable transaction costs.

The Group’s financial liabilities include trade and other payables, loans and borrowings including bank overdrafts. 

After initial recognition, interest-bearing loans and borrowings are subsequently measured at amortised cost using the effective interest method. Gains and losses are recognised in profit or loss when the liabilities are derecognised as well as through the effective interest amortisation process.

Amortised cost is calculated by taking into account any discount or premium on acquisition and fees or costs that are an integral part of the EIR. The effective interest amortisation is included as finance costs in the statement of profit or loss.

Subsequent measurement

The measurement of financial liabilities depends on their classification, as described below:

Financial liabilities at fair value through profit or loss

Financial liabilities at fair value through profit or loss include financial liabilities held for trading and financial liabilities designated upon initial recognition as at fair value through profit or loss. Financial liabilities are classified as held for trading if they are incurred for the purpose of repurchasing in the near term. This category also includes derivative financial instruments entered into by the Group that are not designated as hedging instruments in hedge relationships as defined by IFRS 9.

Gains or losses on liabilities held for trading are recognised in the statement of profit or loss.

Financial liabilities designated upon initial recognition at fair value through profit or loss are designated at the initial date of recognition, and only if the criteria in IFRS 9 are satisfied.

Derecognition of financial liabilities

The Group derecognises financial liabilities when, and only when, the Group’s obligations are discharged, cancelled or have expired. The difference between the carrying amount of the financial liability derecognised and the consideration paid and payable is recognised in profit or loss.

Cash flow statement

The cash flow statement is prepared using the indirect method. Changes in balance sheet items that have not resulted in cash flows such as translation differences, fair value changes and other non-cash items have been eliminated for the purpose of preparing this statement. Assets and liabilities acquired as part of a business combination are included in investing activities (net of cash acquired). Dividends received are classified as operating activities. Interest paid is also included in operating activities.

Critical accounting judgments and key sources of estimation uncertainty

The preparation of the Consolidated financial statements in conformity with IFRS requires the Executive Board to make judgments, estimates and assumptions that affect the application of accounting policies and the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, income and expenses. These estimates inherently contain a degree of uncertainty. Actual results may differ from these estimates under different assumptions or conditions. The Group evaluates these estimates and judgments on an ongoing basis and bases the estimates on historical experience, current and expected future outcomes, third-party evaluations and various other assumptions that the Executive Board believes are reasonable under the circumstances. Existing circumstances and assumptions about future developments may change due to circumstances beyond the Group’s control and are reflected in the assumptions if and when they occur. For further discussion on these judgments and estimates, reference is made to the respective notes within these consolidated financial statements.

Critical judgments in applying accounting policies

The following are the critical judgements, apart from those involving estimations, that management has made in the process of applying the Group’s accounting policies and that have the most significant effect on the amounts recognised in the consolidated financial statements.

This includes:

  • Identifying the performance obligation (note 2.2)

  • Contingent fees (notes 2.2)

Key sources of estimation uncertainty

The following are the key assumptions concerning the future, and other key sources of estimation uncertainty at the end of the reporting period that may have a significant risk of causing a material judgement to the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities within the next financial year as well as to the disclosure of contingent liabilities.

  • Timing of satisfaction of performance obligations (note 2.2)

  • Professional liability provision (note 8.2)

Other areas with judgments and estimates

Other areas with judgments and estimates, but not key estimates,

  • Expected credit losses (note 3.3)

  • determining the incremental borrowing rate (see note 4.4)

  • useful lives of (in)tangible assets (see note 4.6)

  • impairments (see note 4.7),

Significant sources of estimation uncertainty

Given uncertainties on further developments and consequences resulting from crisis in the Russia-Ukraine War, we consider future developments in this area not as a significant source of estimation uncertainty. The impact of this uncertainty mostly impacts our assessment of expected credit losses related to trade receivables and unbilled revenues. 

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